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Advantages of Targeting Serum C-Telopeptide in Diagnosing Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta-Narrative Review
Han Bui, Rezza Fernandez, Nickolette Kong, Gabriela Rivera, Mary Coolbaugh-Murphy, and Denise M. Juroske Short
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An Investigation on the Intricacies of Epigenetic Modulations in the Pathogenesis of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cervical Cancer: A Comprehensive Meta-Narrative Synthesis
Jade Carolina Cabello, Marcella Victoria Ras, Katelyn Thy Nhung Tran, and Athit Voytas
Abstract
Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of the available and relevant literature on E1/E2 genes and their affect on the epigenetics of Human Papillomavirus caused uterine cervical cancer.
Background/Significance: Human Papillomavirus is strongly linked to cervical cancer, and cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in women. 99.7% of patients with cervical cancer have a “high risk HPV genotype” which factors greatly into the causation if their diagnosis. The HPV vaccine that came out in 2006 has greatly decreased cervical cancer in the population as well as increased the preventative chances of highly susceptible individuals.
Methods: To conduct a meta-narrative review, MD Anderson databases and Google Scholar were used to access PubMed as well as Web of Science. Articles older than 5 years (2019-2024) were not considered, but articles with research from across the globe not just the United States were considered. Phrases such as “E1/E2 genes”, “Human Papillomavirus”, and “Cervical Cancer” were used.
Discussion: The genes E1 and E2 were discussed by their role in DNA application, as well as the multitude and variety of nucleotide variations and their locations. The oncogenic links between these genetic variations and their epigenetic modulations were shown to be strong but further research still needs to be conducted.
Conclusion: The articles reviewed show that genes play a factor in HPV induced uterine cancer, and that DNA methylation and histone modifications are a key factor in all stages of cervical uterine cancer.
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Contemporary vs. Traditional DNA-Based Mutation Testing to Detect Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (HBOC) in Women: A Meta Narrative Review
Hannah Olivia Cantu, Jacob Hipp, Nyela Y. Lopez, and Duc Duy Nguyen
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Enhancing Cancer Prevention Strategies for Native American
UT MD Anderson School of Health of Professions
Enhancing Cancer Prevention Strategies for Native American
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Evaluating the Integration of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis with Karyotyping for Improved Detection of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Meta-Narrative Review
Joseph Morales; Nhi Nguyen; Andrea Velasquez; Mary Coolbaugh-Murphy PhD,MB(ASCP)CM; and Denise M. Juroske Short, PhD, MB(ASCP)CM
Investigating genetic abnormalities in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is critical due to the large number of unexplained cases, which account for around 50%. While routine karyotyping of products of conception (POC) is widely employed, its efficacy is limited by a high failure rate in cytogenetics laboratories. Thus, Chromosomal Microarray Analysis (CMA) offers a potential option, with a success rate of more than 90% when karyotyping fails. Unlike karyotyping, CMA allows a full genome investigation without the requirement for live cultures, allowing the discovery of a variety of genetic abnormalities linked to pregnancy loss, including copy number variations, deletions, duplications, and aneuploidy. These abnormalities are prevalent, representing 47.4% of first-trimester losses and 10.9% of second and third-trimester losses. Therefore, this study seeks to increase diagnostic accuracy and identify genetic variables contributing to RPL by evaluating the efficacy of combining CMA and karyotyping. This meta-narrative review serves to evaluate this combined approach as an improved method for developing individualized treatment programs and providing support to afflicted individuals and couples.
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How Racial Disparities Impact HPV Vaccination Uptake Among African American Females in the United States
Megan Ashley Iles, Jose S. Hernandez, and Patrick R. Villarin
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Meta Narrative Review of Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 and Programmed Cell Death Protein Ligand 1 as a Diagnostic Tool for Pancreatic Cancer and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Utilizing Immunohistochemical Staining.
Anastasja Kraft, Yosan Embarfrash, Minh Nguyen, and Damon Bendolph
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Meta-Narrative Synthesis: The Effectiveness of Diagnosing and Treating Melanoma with Micrographically Oriented Histograph Surgery MOHS Technique
Gabriella Casas ms, Nida Mubeen MS, Nicole Rivera MS, Tan Thien Tang Mr., Mark A. Bailey Mr, Mary Coolbaugh-Murphy Mrs., and Denise M. Juroske Short Mrs
This meta-narrative synthesis highlights the effectiveness of diagnosing and treating melanoma with Micrographically Oriented Histography Surgery (MOHS) technique. Initiating the questions: What techniques does MOHS surgery involve when diagnosing and treating non-metastasized Melanoma? How will it provide positive outcomes for the patient? The significance of using MOHS excision technique and diagnosis of localized facial melanoma compared to traditional cancer excision techniques is designed to remove affected tissue while preserving anatomical facial structure in an aesthetic fashion. Providing an overview of the technique’s diagnostic professional capabilities as well as its strengths, limitations, improvement for upcoming studies, and potential prognosis. Melanoma, a cancerous mutation of pigmented skin cells that quickly metastasizes, requires MOHS unique invasive surgical excision techniques. As well, a multitude of synchronous skillful dermatology surgeons and histotechnologists. MOHS comparative factors include the ability for onsite treatment and diagnosis. Individual cases that qualify for MOHS treatment include the location and development of the melanoma, histological assessment, and post-operative aid. This analysis was intended to find information on MOHS and did so utilizing a meta-analysis research process. Search parameters include the skill set of the medical professional and requirements for the surgery. The research was to investigate the involved procedures and diagnosis of non-metastasized melanoma on the face, while maintaining minimal tissue damage. Standardizing MOHS procedure and expanding access for patients seeking successful cancer removal with low risk for surgical recurrence.
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Paradigm Shift: A Meta-Narrative Review of The Intricacies and Complications That Led to Changes in Standard Protocols for Primary Human Papillomavirus Screenings
Hillary L. Campbell, Sara N. Fernandez, Elysse S. Hodges, Jonathan J. del Real, Mary Coolbaugh-Murphy PhD, and Denise M. Juroske Short PhD
Objective:
To evaluate cervical cancer screening modalities and assess the reasoning that has led to primary HPV being the preferred target for screening.
Background:
History of HPV infection has been found to be correlated with cervical cancer precursor cells. Early detection of the infection is advantageous in decreasing the risk for women of reproductive age acquiring cervical cancer. The general consensus places an emphasis on implementing HPV testing in accordance with cervical cancer protocol.
Methods:
Six methodical reviews of cervical cancer screenings were done through PubMed and the M.D. Anderson Research library. Each article was evaluated to include recently published metaanalysis reviews that spanned across multiple continents.
Discussion:
A primary purpose of HPV screening is to decrease the risk for women acquiring cervical cancer. Decreasing the risk is achieved through early diagnosis and genotyping of HPV, as specific strains can eventually lead to high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3+). Comparatively, Pap smears screen for abnormalities already present in cells. Co-testing with both methods may compensate for the limitations of either method, but should be reserved for high-risk patients to avoid the drawbacks of over-testing and higher incurred cost.
Conclusion:
While each screening modality offers significant strengths in early detection and prevention of cervical cancer, primary HPV screening’s high sensitivity has proved to be an increasingly valuable diagnostic tool.
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The Effects of Cold-Stored Platelets on Hemorrhagic Patients: A Meta-Narrative Review
Cynthia Y. Medina, Vivian H. Nguyen, Kim T. Pham, and Pham T. Vu
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The future role of cytologists regarding Telecytology and Rapid On-Site Evaluation (ROSE), a meta-narrative review
James Jeffery Fretwell, Liam Patrick Farley, Melissa Perez, Mary Coolbaugh Murphy PhD, and Denise Juroske Short PhD
The use of Telecytology in conjunction with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) is currently at the forefront of discussion among cytologists and cytopathologists. In this meta-narrative review, the advancements of Telecytology and ROSE within the discipline of Cytology are discussed. Advancements in telecytology and ROSE enable off-site cytology slide evaluation and diagnosis through digital image transfer. ROSE allows for preliminary cytological assessment during image-guided biopsy procedures to determine specimen adequacy. The meta-narrative review concluded that the combination of these two technologies increases the efficacy of patient diagnosis without sacrificing the quality of patient care.
Improved communication between the presiding technician, the cytologists, and the pathologists was observed as a prominent result of the review. Additionally, the research recommends further testing in different anatomical areas to better understand how these technologies can benefit both patients and clinicians.
The methodology for this review involved determining a viable search criterion to comprehensively examine the advancements in telecytology and ROSE within the field of cytology. The phrases “telecytology”, “ROSE (rapid on-site evaluation)”, and “cytotechnology” were used to bring up peer-reviewed articles within the database, PubMed. From there, articles were dismissed from use according to date of publication. All articles over 5 years old were disregarded, exception of one article was used for a chronological timeline outlining the advancement of technology. The review concluded that the combination of these two technologies increases the efficacy of patient diagnosis without sacrificing quality of care. It also noted improved communication between technicians, cytologists, and pathologists as a key benefit.
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Why Not Mold? A Meta-Narrative Review of MALDI-TOF MS
Esmeralda Rojo Santibanez, Destanie Corrine Lechuga, Karen Brigette Vallejos, and Emily Cheng Eng
Hospitals have recorded immunocompromised patients to be highly susceptible to hospital acquired infections caused by yeasts and molds. Successfully identifying such pathogens is important for the rapid diagnosis and treatment of these infections, marking the significance of this study. Since 2010, Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has made mold identification more efficient but its usage in clinical laboratories is widely restricted. With an aim to understand this paradox, this meta-narrative review investigates the limited use of MALDI-TOF MS in mold identification, including factors affecting the accuracy and preparation of specimens. PubMed Central Database was accessed through the MD Anderson Research Library for this critical literature review and included articles from 2019 to 2024. Search parameters included keywords ‘MALDI-TOF MS’, ‘mold’, and ‘fungus’ —with ‘nosocomial’ added as an advanced search filter. This review emphasized findings of publications from 2019 and 2020, which both concur the lack of a comprehensive and standardized database for mold species was a major limitation of MALDI-TOF MS. Consequently, such limitations characterize MALDI-TOF MS as a verification tool for primary identification methods like microscopic analysis. This gap reveals potential for expanding the use of MALDI-TOF MS for mold identification by developing a complete database for mold species or implementing rigorous pre-analytical controls and utilizing software databases alongside MALDI-TOF analysis. Future research could investigate software, agencies, and parameters needed to create a universal database for molds or review more publications to determine whether MALDI-TOF MS can and should replace microscopic analysis.
